Ultracold Dipolar Gases Of Magnetic Atoms: Quantum Stabilization, Supersolid States, And Their Phase Diagram

Thanks to their high degree of control and tunability, ultracold atomic gases provide a rich platform for the study of quantum many-body effects. Ultracold gases of highly magnetic atoms exhibit unique interaction properties that lead to striking behaviors, both at the mean-field level and beyond [1]. A decade ago, a universal stabilization mechanism driven by quantum fluctuations was discovered in these gases. The mechanism prevents the systems from collapsing when the mean-field interactions become attractive. Instead, it allows exotic states of matter to arise, including ultradilute quantum droplets, crystallized quantum states, and especially the so-called supersolids [2]. In my talk, I will present the seminal observations of these states and how they were made possible from the long-standing progress in the field. I will discuss our current understanding of the properties of these states, and the ongoing research, especially in my group at Heidelberg University.

[1] L. Chomaz & al, Dipolar physics: a review of experiments with magnetic quantum gases, Reports on Progress in Physics 86, 026401 (2023)

[2] L. Chomaz, Quantum-stabilized states in magnetic dipolar quantum gases, arXiv preprint arxiv:2504.06221 (2025)