Compression techniques and X-ray diagnostics for High Energy Density Physics

Laser-driven compression enables studying material properties at high pressures and high deformation rates. We will present how alternative compression techniques and x-ray diagnostics extend the experimental possibilities. Isentropic compression techniques and decaying shocks allow studying materials along a thermodynamic path to detect efficiently phase transitions. The introduction of x-ray radiography and x-ray diffraction using laser-driven x-ray sources was an important step to gain insight of microscopic material properties. X-ray radiography enables direct density measurements of compressed matter and the characterization of rapid outflows relevant for astrophysics or fragmentation processes. We will also give an outlook on experimental capabilities of the upcoming HED instrument at the European XFEL.