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SUMMARY:Taking the Temperature of the Universe's Most Extreme States
DTSTART:20260512T124500Z
DTEND:20260512T134500Z
DTSTAMP:20260526T023300Z
UID:indico-event-25020@indico.gsi.de
CONTACT:p.neumayer@gsi.de\;c.deguchi@gsi.de
DESCRIPTION:Speakers: Thomas White (University of Nevada\, Reno\, USA)\n\n
 Temperature measurement at the extremes of pressure and density has been a
  decades-long challenge. In the laboratory\, such conditions exist for les
 s than a billionth of a second inside micron-scale optically opaque target
 s\, demanding a new class of intense ultrafast penetrating diagnostics. I 
 will discuss millielectronvolt-resolution inelastic X-ray scattering at X-
 ray free-electron lasers [1]\, which extracts ion temperature directly fro
 m Doppler broadening in a backscattering geometry\, providing a model-inde
 pendent ion thermometer. As a first demonstration\, laser-excited gold foi
 ls exhibit extreme superheating that surpasses the predicted entropy catas
 trophe limit [2]. This platform enables direct time-resolved investigation
  of electron-ion equilibration\, a long-standing open question in warm den
 se matter\, revealing significantly enhanced coupling compared to weakly e
 xcited gold and placing new constraints on non-equilibrium energy transfer
  in dense plasmas [3]. Together\, these measurements open a window into th
 ermodynamic parameters\, energy flow\, and transport coefficients previous
 ly beyond reach.\nReferences\n[1] E. E. McBride et al.\, "Setup for meV-re
 solution inelastic X-ray scattering measurements at the Matter in Extreme 
 Conditions endstation of the Linac Coherent Light Source\," Rev. Sci. Inst
 rum. 89\, 10F104 (2018).[2] T. G. White et al.\, "Superheating gold beyond
  the predicted entropy catastrophe threshold\," Nature 643\, 950–954 (20
 25).[3] T. Griffin et al.\, "Electron-ion equilibration in superheated gol
 d\," Nat. Commun. (under review).\nBiography\nThomas White is an Associate
  Professor and Clemons-Magee Endowed Professor in Physics at the Universit
 y of Nevada\, Reno. He earned an MS in physics from the University of Bath
  (2010) and a PhD from the University of Oxford (2015)\, where his dissert
 ation received the Culham Thesis Prize in plasma physics. Before joining U
 NR in 2017\, he held postdoctoral positions at Imperial College London and
  the University of Oxford. His research probes matter under extreme condit
 ions using high-power lasers and X-ray free-electron lasers\, combining ex
 periments with first-principles simulations. He serves as Vice Chair of th
 e High Energy Density Science Association (HEDSA).\n\nhttps://indico.gsi.d
 e/event/25020/
LOCATION:SB3 3.170a (GSI)
URL:https://indico.gsi.de/event/25020/
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