New effects of Dark Matter in atomic and astrophysical phenomena

The energy density of dark matter exceeds that for ordinary matter 5 times. However, dark matter still has not been detected since it interacts with ordinary matter very weakly. Effects in the scattering experiments searching for dark matter are proportional to the fourth power of the extremely small interaction constant. We suggest to measure effects which are linear in this constant. Our first results have already allowed us to improve limits on the quadratic interaction of light dark matter with photons, electrons, quarks and W-bosons up to 15 orders of magnitude! This shows the very high efficiency of the method. The boson dark matter particles produced after Big Bang may form a coherently oscillating field and/or topological defects. In contrast to traditional dark matter searches, effects produced by the interaction of ordinary matter with this field and defects may be to first power in the underlying interaction strength. New effects include slow drift, transient effects and oscillating variation of the fundamental constants (fine structure constant and particle masses), which may be searched for using astrophysical phenomena (Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, Cosmic Microwave Background), changes in the pulsar (neutron star) frequencies including star quakes which may have been observed already in pulsar glitches, effects in atomic clocks and laser interferometers (e.g. LISA, VIRGO, G600), oscillating effects of violation of the fundamental symmetries including electric dipole and anapole moments of nuclei, atoms and molecules, and spin rotations measured by high-precision magnetometers.